Where each school sits on the chain.
Every school engages one step of the chain. Most go silent at the others.
- 01
Pick the school you've been reading. It explains one of the five steps clearly.
- 02
At the other four steps, the same school goes silent or makes assumptions it doesn't defend.
- 03
The matrix below names where each school engages and where it gives up - so you stop expecting one frame to answer all five.
How AI reshapes a job, in five steps.
- 01Capability
The boundary between what humans do and what machines do moves.
- 02Substitution
Machines now do tasks humans used to do, at lower cost.
- 03Interface
Cheaper substitution lowers the cost of moving tasks between jobs, teams, and firms.
- 04Bundle
Lower interface costs let bundles unbundle and rebundle around the new seams.
- 05Capture
After the rebundle, value migrates to whoever holds the new control point.
The contribution matrix.
Each row is a school; each column is a step. A cell is the school's specific contribution at that step. Where the cell is blank, the school does not engage with that step.